Oral Tradition and Heroic Epic among the Mongols and the Kazaks
    
Author: Sechinmenghe
Affiliation: Institute of Ethnic Literature, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
Translator: Song, Ying    

Mongolian and Kazak people who live in central Asia are get together from many ancient nomadic clan,include Kereit, Honghirat, Jalair, Naiman, Borjigin, Taiji, Hadahin, Arban, Altan, Dolood, Urt, Usun, Manggut, Tatar, Mergit. In these people, Kazak speak Turkish and believe in Muslim while Mongolian speak mongol language and believe in Buddhism. In ancient,they are actually both belong to a same language branch and believe in Shamanism.They are both nomadic people and have similar cultural life.Thus, their oral tradition and heroic epics have similar features although at the same time they are so different.Some ethnic groups use letters and writing to recode their history,but Mongolian and Kazac use oral tradition to preserve their history.

Based on my many-years fieldwork and collected literatures, I will analyze forms and features of these epics.

1.Oral history,oral education and oral stories made up to their oral tradition.

2.Heroic epics are not popular everywhere but clans that have heroic history.Epics change from praise to artistic narrative.As social transmission,they are popular in the folk instead of the royal and grow to a kind of genre.In ancient,only man can sing heroic epics.